CAD was assigned as a dependent variable, and the indie variables included age, body mass index, gender (male=0, female=1), smoking status (0=nonsmoker, 1=smoker), metabolic variables (0=no history of hypertension, or no hypercholesterolemia; 1=positive history), and apoM genotype. patients were subjected in the present study. All subjects were confirmed by the angiography. Plasma concentrations of apoM were semi-quantitatively determined by dot-blotting analysis, and total serum lipid levels were quantified using an automated RA-1000 (Technician, USA). The genotyping of rs805297 of apoM was analyzed by polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP). == Results == Genotype and allele frequencies were not significant (P = 0.5798 and 0.3834, respectively) between cases and controls. Compared with the wild-type C/C genotype, service providers of the C/A and A/A genotypes did not have an increased risk of CAD, as determined by multiple logistic regression analysis, after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, history of smoking, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. (CA, odds ratio = 0.49, 95% confidence interval 0.151.87,P= 0.462; AA, odds ratio = 0.51, 95% confidence interval 0.131.68,P= 0.534). The plasma concentration levels of apoM did not differ significantly among service providers of the three genotypes between two groups. Lastly, control subjects with A/A genotypes experienced lower total levels of HDL cholesterol than did those with C/C genotypes. == Conclusions == The results presented here suggest that the rs805297 SNP is not associated with an increased risk of developing CAD, although it does independently correlate with dyslipidaemia in Han Chinese BRL 52537 HCl individuals. Keywords:apoM, Coronary artery disease, Genetic polymorphism, Risk factor Desmopressin Acetate == Introduction == Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common causes of death globally, including in China. CAD is a complex multi-factorial and polygenic disorder that is thought to result from the interactions of an individual’s genetic background and several environmental factors [1,2]. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is predominantly present in HDL, and to a lesser extent in chylomicrons, very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) [3]. It plays an important role in reverse cholesterol transport [4]. The apoM gene is proposed to play a protective role against the development of CAD [5]. Recent studies suggest that several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), including BRL 52537 HCl rs805297, rs940494 and rs805296 occur in the Han Chinese population. Rs940494 and rs805296 have been identified to associate with Type 2 diabetes or CAD [6-8]. Rs805297 SNP is significantly associated with reduced total HDL levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients [9]. It is well known that reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels is one of risk factors of CAD, but the relationship between rs805297 and CAD has not been explored. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether there is an association between a common SNP in the apoM gene, namely the C-1065A polymorphism, and the risk of CAD in a Chinese population. We chose to evaluate this SNP in particular because it is located in the apoM promoter region, and changes in apoM expression levels may increase the risk of CAD or other complex diseases where lipid levels are pathologically altered. == Results == The clinical parameters of study subjects in the CAD and control groups are described in Table1. There were no significant differences in gender, age or several conventional risk factors between groups, including habitual smoking and TC; however, CAD patients demonstrated significant differences in hypertension, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations (Table1). == Table 1. == Characteristics of the total study population Data are presented as mean SD for age, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), coronary artery disease (CAD). *p < 0.05 vs control group. The validity of the rs805297 SNP of the apoM gene in the Han Chinese population was determined by DNA sequencing (Figure1). Additionally, the polymorphism was confirmed by PCR-RFLP (Figure2). == Figure 1. == DNA sequencing of BRL 52537 HCl the polymorphic region (C-A transition at nucleotide -1065) in the proximal promoter region of the apoM gene revealed that rs805297(C > A) of apoM gene is valid in Han Chinese.This nucleotide change results in a Tsp509I restriction site. == Figure 2. == Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis results BRL 52537 HCl for the apoM rs805297(C > A) locus.Products were separated on a 4% low molecular weight agarose gel and stained with ethidium bromide. Lane M, ladder of molecular size markers; lane 1, CC homozygote; lane 2, CA heterozygote; lane 3, AA homozygote. Genotype distributions and allele frequencies of rs805297 SNP in CAD cases and controls are summarized in Table2. Chi square analysis demonstrates.
CAD was assigned as a dependent variable, and the indie variables included age, body mass index, gender (male=0, female=1), smoking status (0=nonsmoker, 1=smoker), metabolic variables (0=no history of hypertension, or no hypercholesterolemia; 1=positive history), and apoM genotype